Efficient Ways To Promote Business

Efficient Ways To Promote BusinessThe main declare atomic number 53self to own a marketing plan to invoke the line of reasoning line which includes its strategy, its direction, its go and lastly to determine the profit base of a business.With the current I.T Technologies, maven of the most efficient paths to campaign business is use e-commerce. With these I.T methods, online business tramp advantageously spread over the nation and all rough the world especially using Social Networking Application Tools for example, Facebook and Twitters to introduce the website uniform resource locator and allows the reader to become lover and gained benefit for it much(prenominal) as start-off 100 registered fans earn trim10 online bonus points for online transaction. some other online method is using online media advertizing by means of Youtube an online shared short movie site where we sack up easily advertisement done short clip movie.Other from online advertisement, we can disgorge the advertisement in different presentation media such as through newspaper, television, road-side billboard advertisement board, leaflet, small sized brag shoe with our website universal resource locator printed and much more advertisement media.In order to make magnet to existing and new potential customer either online or offline method, we can subject to arrange some forward motion activities and events to invoke our newly launch e-commerce go by online banner advertisement through local noteworthy blogger online website with permission, publishing through local newspaper using unique round top down advertisement format.In additional, the website should be keep updated from prison term to time for latest shoe fashion, designed and always shown the storied artist or actor picture where he or she appointed as their label shoe accepted ambassador where it lead be another way to pull out youngster customer where the shoe authorized ambassador is their fan i dol or which famous sport team sponsor tar captures such as Adidas or Nike which was all avail equal shoe brand at your chisel in.By participating using the online social networks, we can do promote new services through e-commerce. People can just just click LIKE button and share selective information such as shop promotion throughout the added friends list and other ways is using search engine optimization is to attract indorsers to your website from other search engines where it is an humor for launching new website purpose.Other than that, we can organize some assembly events especially with local famous bloggers where their blog site having high user accessing at all times one of the best idea to promote online business. Also create some merchandise with your website address printed as one of the publicity promotion.One of effectiveness ways is turn up to get your store as a authorized dealer for the famous shoe brand in the country or region where your store website will be listed in their website where it accessing by worldwide where mostly consumer will first get surfing through their favorite brand website and search for their local authorized dealer. Once your store appointed as a authorized dealer, try to print the brand name at your business card where it is to a fault one of the ways to promote your store status which will reflected to your store reputation.I would like to suggest making an net income kiosk at the store so that walk in customer will able to aware on the store website and allows customer to apply membership through the website and it is also another way to present the shoes which available at the store rather than walking around the shop which the customer will feel more convenient and accessible for themselves.As for no less(prenominal) effectiveness, do promote through yellow pages directory and show your comp whatever details in brief such as Website URL, store address and for accumulate number or even a small map to pose the store or try to make advertisement on the famous sport magazine and newsletter.On the website, allows subscriber to gain more information of the special shoes such as the shoe material, what type of sport is the ideal for the shoes, the shoes is used by any famous soulfulness especially by athletes for example NBA star. If possible, make some notification of the website if there is some promotion ongoing. Provide foot care services or health information which is considered as useful information or knowingness to the subscriber. Allow the subscriber to make comments on the website such as interrogation or FAQ column. It will be wise if able to provide size graph or chart and even different region (US or UK) foot size for the foot measurement purpose.We should implement some customer services which would make the subscriber feel more convenient objet dart they obtain shoe through online. The customer services can able to make online payment methods such as Mastercard , Visa or Paypal or even provide them free shipping during launching new website promotion or charge subscriber another 5% for the shipping free and it would be great to implement Tracking system so that at one time transaction is supremacyful, purchaser will be able to track their purchase item easily until it is delivery to the buyer side and let buyer to put some comment or message on our services so that we will be aware should there need any improvement and it able to bring our online business to another next level.Another measurement should be available at the website such as accessing website metering. From there, we can able to analysis and comparing with the store amount of walk in customer in weekly or monthly basis.One of promote for newly launched website is using Online chiropody services. This service can able to attend to subscriber to aware especially when during the shoe advertisement through any promotional activities where subscriber interested the way of adve rtising and allow subscriber understand what type of shoe suitable for their purpose. With this kind of services, it may attract new potential subscriber and consider an idea to promote online business. final stageAccording on an ideally and strategic marketing plan, promote online business or e-commerce is very easy and useful. But of course, we should do consideration in other business factors such as its consequences, allocated budgeting and the most important is to gather sufficient information as much as possible so that it is possible to make look more interesting to the subscriber at all times.Although there are variety ways of advertisement and with special(a) allocated budgeting, it would be make difficulties as it is the main key point for the boilersuit idea. With e-commerce, limited budgeting will be put aside, as internet basically is free for everyone and easily to make online advertisement such as online smorgasbord web site one of the best resources to promote onl ine business.With good be after marketing plan and if possible with some financial strength, I conceptualise this online advertisement will get a start point and success as nowadays people preferred to purchase through online as in a way of convenient and accessible at anyplace or any places as long as availability of internet access. ListenRead phonetically

Body Shape and Gender

consistency plaster cast and Gender dust Shape and Gender discordences in judges.Introduction be depiction is the delegacy people perceive themselves and equ tot entirelyyy classical, the modality they bet new(prenominal)wises perceive them. Body image is constantly changing, and is always being circumscribed by biological growth, trauma, or dec musical none. It is also importantly as certain(prenominal)d and moulded by bread and butter circumstances which bring close pain or pleasure. There be umpteen factors that influence how people perceive their own be image and others. Factors such as nuance keep up a significant influence on cognizances of dust images. As people tend to comp ar their ego to what is satisfying at bottom their own culture, and see if they match the standard of others. Although, wo custodys perception of the rarified be casting, is a thin one. Delameter 2004 verbalise that attraction is characterised as an attitude, which consists o f noteings beliefs and behaviours, whether it is a positive or negative one is dependant on the persons perception of the individual.Socio cultural possible actionThe sociocultural theory is a post that pre moves the idea that human behaviour is affected by cultural influences. It highlights the important of cultural value in understanding how individuals ar perceived by others and how they perceive themselves. In apprisal to form image and attracter, the sociocultural side would offer the idea that if the culture deems irresistibleness to be important and is respect within its members, then individuals within the inn pass on value fascinatingness in themselves as well as others, and the similar idea would dedicate if the culture deems benignantness to be of slight importance then the members of the society would then not look into the importance of attractive feature within themselves or others.Within the socio cultural theory in that location be one-third appro aches which attend to to justify the role of physical attractive force in everyday life. The prototypal theory being the sociable expectancy theory, this theory argues that cultural values influence perceptions of others and the behaviour, which in produce influences the behaviour of others which then has an impact on the ego perception of others. The self fulfilling prophecy is the sequence of events that happens in sepa respect for people to make judg ments on others, which atomic bet 18 based on the other personss and prospects, and then the individual is led to weigh they argon as the commentator pass judgment them to be. An interpreter of this in relation to form image, if a deceive garter was helping a client chose clothes and had to fetch the customer clothes without geting for their size of it, and kept bringing back big sizes. The customer whitethorn then begin to think that as the shop assistant perceives them to be larger that they ar actually mu ch larger and if such events occurred over a number of times the customer would then believe it to be certain over a period of time. There argon some hypotheses that derive from the sociable expectancy theory such as There is a consensual agreement within cultures about who is attractive and who is not attractive, but variability among cultures. There are consensual expectations within cultures about attractive and untempting others, but variability among cultures. People followal antithetically toward attractive and unattractive others. Peoples differential behaviour toward attractive other results in differences in how they respond. These behavioural differences result in differences in the elf-c at a timepts of attractive and unattractive others.There is very little explore looking into the reasons wherefore attracter is valued, or why near sheaths and ashes characteristics are considered attractive and others are not.The next approach descending from the socio cultura l theory is the connotative personality theory. This approach foc social functions on the knowledge structure that people delectation to make sense of their social world, which is to understand and predict the behaviour of others. unvoiced theories are conceptualised as cognitive structures that consist of personal attributes an inferential dealing that specify the degree to which attribute are extend tod. An example of the attribute noetic might be expected to go well with the attribute careful rather than the attribute nervous.Implicit personality theory provides a framework for understanding the physical drawing card stereotype. The year label physically attractive is presumed to be middlemaned to a variety of attributes the number and constitution depend on the culture. Cultural information is transmitted through with(predicate) direct observations of attractive others and by exposure to cultural re prefaceations of attractiveness. However, the theory does not explai n why different cultures associate different attributes with attractiveness.The final theory to understructure from the social cultural theory is the status inductive reasoning theory which has evolved from sociological theories. The theory designates that external status characteristics are used to gene yard expectation states regarding performance, with or without prior association in the midst of these characteristics and performance and with or without certified awareness.Status generalisation theory views physical attractiveness as a diffuse status characteristic because if discriminates among individuals and establishes performance expectancies without-limit that is, without regard to the actual relevance of attractiveness to performance. From the status generalisation perspective, physical attractiveness should be associated with a wide regularize of desirable attributes in twain perceptions of others and self perceptions.Similarly, desire the social expectancy theo ry and implicit personality theory, the status generalisation theory predicts that people hold to a great extent positive expectations for attractive than unattractive others. All threesome theories predict that people be carry to a greater extent favorably towards attractive than unattractive others, and that to a greater extent than favourable treatment results in much(prenominal) favourable self-concepts for attractive people.The socio cultural perspective, states that culture defines what an attractive ashes is and self perceptions of consistence attractiveness depend on these cultural definitions. The closer body self perceptions comes to the ideal, the higher the self rating should be of body attractiveness. Therefore, body image should depend on cultural ideals and on how an individual perceives his or her own body in relation to these ideals. This also, suggests that culture is an important lie with which frames certain individuals perception on their body image, a nd perception of others.Research hobby the socio cultural perspective has been nominate to suggest that body ideals vary among cultures as well as within cultures across throngs and time. Present-day westerly cultures reckon thinness for fe young-begetting(prenominal)s and an average type for males. The thin ideal for women replaced the more than amply d one of the 1950s, and may soon be replaced by fitness ideal that began to emerge in the 1990s.)Evolutionary theoryThe evolutionary theory argues that for the existence of universally shared criteria of attractiveness, which are cues to a persons potential reproductive success Buss (1999) according to this theory, egg-producing(prenominal)s are believed to select partners that get out parent their reproductive success, and the biological features are deemed to be erect more attractive. It is stated that the biological features are to honestly signal that one individual is more desirable then another Buss 1999.CultureWith in m all different cultures in that respect are different standards of what attractiveness is, and there are a wider range of accep elude cants and mildews. Within the white Western culture pistillate attractiveness consists of a slender body shape. Slenderness is more often than not associated with happiness, success, youthfulness and social acceptability. Over cant for two men and women has been seen as physically unattractive and is also associated with other negative characteristics.Research from Bordo (1993) prove that excess flesh started to become linked with low morality, reflecting personal want or lack of willpower. Slenderness symbolises being in control, which in turn is seen as an attractive feature. The firm toned body is seen as representing success. around people do not lay down slim, toned bodies, so they have to work towards fitting in with the norm of society. Bordo states that the current idealisation of narrow margin is that the body is kept under co ntrol The ideal here is of a body that is absolutely tight, contained, bolted down, firm (Bordo 1993 190)In a study by Tiggemann and Rothblum (1988) asked a large number of students about their stereotypes of expound and thin men and women. They were asked to rate the extents to which eight qualities were typical of thin men and women and robust men and women. Men and women in twain cultures reported negative stereotypes if lucubrateten out people. Although, ample people were seen as warmer and friendlier, confirming the traditional stereotype of the fat jolly person, they were also viewed as slight(prenominal) happy, more self indulgent, less self confident, less self discip bloodlined, lazier and less attractive than thin people. These pronouncements were pronounced of fat women than fat men. The results indicate negative stereotyping of fat people, especially fat women. Tiggemann et al stated that from the findings they found there were no differences in stereotyping amo ng students who were fat and those who were thin. Even those who were weighed down had negative stereotypes of fat peopleDion researched the link mingled with attractiveness and positive personal qualities. He stated that What is scenic is good Dion et al 1972 285). Dion stated that people tend to assign more favourable personality traits and life outcomes to those they perceive as attractive. More new-fashioned confineing evidence came from Eagley (1991) suggested that the effects of physical attractiveness stereotypes are strongest for perceptions of social competence. Negative stereotyping of over tilt may be a specific cyclorama of the physical attractiveness stereotype that refers specifically to assignment of negative traits to those who have a body size and shape that is not considered attractive by preponderating groups in westerly cultures.It is often assumed that womens obsession with weight is linked with their desire to be attractive, to men, but research from Fa llon and Rozin (1985) disagrees with this idea. They conducted an audition which consisted of role players were depictn line drawings of women ranging from extremely thin to extremely fat. It was found that women chose their ideal as light than what they believed men to prefer and this is more evident to be done in adolescence Cohn et al (1987) which may have an impact on how women rate and judge other womens bodies, and levels of attractiveness. The societal pressure opening states that, the thin standard of beauty seen in the mass media encourages women to strive for un originalistically thin Silverstein et al (1986).Whereas, in African cultures smuggled females have described their standard of an ideal body on non body factors such as style of clothes, skin, ethnic self-conceit and so on. The black community has a unique view of ideal weight and body size compared to white principal(prenominal)stream culture. Black women tend to support a larger and more moderate idea b ody size than the very thin ideal that is favoured by the white western societies. excessively in contrast, to overweight white women, over weight black women are more presumable to view their bodies as attractive. There is also less prejudice against overweight people amongst the African cultures. Jackson and McGill (1996) found that when black men were asked to relate several descriptors with the term obese they were more likely to associate positive characteristics such as attractive and generous and less likely to state negative attributes such as lazy or uneducated compared to the opinions of white men. Similarly, black women were more likely than white women to relate sexiness with obese in regard to same race men. This more tolerant and appreciative view of overweight and obese body sizes likely.Langlois 2000 around research on physical attractiveness dominates research on attractiveness as it maybe most accessible trait when first showdown someone.Whereas in Western soci eties Furnham 1983 found that there is an inverse relationship among high social class and low body weight, the inverse is true of less essential, non-Western societies. As it has also been shown that the longer immigrants have been in Western societies, the less obese they tend to be. This study examined how Kenyan Asian, British and Kenyan British females from similar backgrounds perceived female body shapes. As predicted, the Kenyans rated larger more favourably and smaller less favourably than the British. besides, as predicted, it was found that the Kenyan Asian British were more similar to the British group in their perceptions. The results support the view that social and cultural factors play dominant role in the perception of ones own and others body shapes. In addition, the results collapse that in Britain preferences for small body shapes to the point of being anorexic are not uncommon.WHR ratioIt is difficult to state where fat is distributed and to comment on whethe r it is appropriate or inappropriate. Before puberty boys and girls have roughly the same pattern of fat scattering. However when puberty strikes, due to oestrogen, it causes fat to be placed around the hip area of the body. The affect on male bodies is that testosterone causes the body to distribute the fat around the abdominal region. The fat distribution is measured by the wait hip ratio (WHR). The WHR is obtained by winning an individuals waist at the narrowest point, and hip measurement, and then finding the ratio of the twain measurements. The WHR is a reliable index of the distribution of fat in the midst of amphetamine and refuse body according to Leibel, Edens and Fried (1989) also they stated that the freeing or gain of 10 pounds doesnt appear to affect fat distribution. sizeable men typically have a WHR in the range of 0.85- 0.95 and for women the WHR is in the region of 0.67-0.80.In relation to attractiveness, it has become apparent that over the age the female h as become more curvaceous over time. Later studies have looked mostly at select groups of women such as playboy centrefolds and discharge America contestants. Based on data from these populations, researchers have hypothesised that the female body shape is moving away from an hourglass shape and becoming curvier. This would indicate that women when rating bodies and their perception of them should favour the curvier shapes. However, when Singh (1993) re-examined the same data using the WHR, it was found that despite a reduction in total body weight, WHR has remained fairly permanent at the measurement of 0.68-0.72 over the years. These ratios are still very apocalyptical of an hourglass form. If women had a very curvaceous body shape their WHR would approach 1.0.Although, attractiveness does change over time, and these grapples should be considered when men and women are rating body shapes for attractiveness as it may affect the run intos they give. However, it does appear tha t the relation between a small waist and attractiveness has remained fairly similar. Mostly, western societys trends have been for women to exaggerate the smallness of this feature with a few exceptions, an example of this comes from periods such as the flapper period where waist lines were eliminated. Research by Morris 1985 showed that in this flapper period women went to high levels of extremes to fit in with the small waist preference, and had their lower ribs removed. A narrow waist is often a preferred and.Singh 1993 research found that both male and female subjects have the ability to use the WHR by itself to make judgements about womens attractiveness and other features which suggests that body shape is a very important multivariate, which should implicate that WHR is an important feature when body perceptions are make. Within Singhs study he allowed participants a 12 line drawing of female bodies, which quaternary different WHR ratings. These images were also split into t hree body sizes of underweight, average or overweight. , participants were then shown all images, and asked to rate the attractiveness of each in allege. Participants were also asked other questions to group the images in certain groups. The results from this study found that participants can make discriminations about images, based on weight and WHR. The results also found that participants preferred women with lower WHR and found them more attractive than the higher WHR. The normal weighted were rated higher whereas, the underweight and overweight images were perceived as being less attractive. Singhs study implies that female attractiveness is associated with low WHRs, and that fat distribution is more important than body weight when determining attractiveness. Singh also stated that a small WHR was gender specific, so a low WHR is more favoured when the image people are presented with to rate are females have a low WHR. Male images with low WHRs are judged as least attractive no matter what their weight category is.Research by Palwlowski and Grabarcyk 2003 conducted research into WHR, and investigated the difference within WHR and the different components that are a part of WHR dimensions. They looked into the hip size and the waist size. In order to state which asset is more important when males are rating female attractiveness they conducted an prove whereby participants were presented with a series of photo represents where the WHR had been altered with, in every the hip or waist area. It was found that attractiveness was correlated negatively with WHR especially when it was manipulated.Although, some research by Tassinary and Hansen 1998 has suggested that hip size is more influential than waist size. In many traditional societies, living in relatively poor conditions, where fat reserves in hip and thigh regions may be important as an energy source during motherliness and lactation, as it may be expected that there could also be a preference for wider hips. On the other hand, in modern societies where there is no risk of having not enough food and where there are resources for financially poor mothers, resources are given to support them. Therefore, men may be harsher judges about waist size. Although, Tovee et al 1999 found that weight was more important than WHR when participants were judging womens attractiveness.AnorexicsBody perception may differ between anorexic people, research by Furnham et al 1994 studied three groups of anorexic females, teenagers and climb on adults, all participants were shown male and female body images which ranged in body size from thin to fat. The participants were then asked to rate them on four categories using a 10 point rating surmount. It was found that both anorexic and teenage groups rated the thinner women as more attractive than the mature females. Both mature and teenage females rated the fat female body shape more positively than did the anorexics. This study design was altered in the experiment that was conducted.Influential researchSwami and Tovee (2005) researched the cues that are perceived to influence rating female attractiveness, which were bass mass index (BMI) and waist-to hip-ratio (WHR). This study examined the relative contribution of both cues in two different cultures British and Malaysian. Both cultures were asked to rate the females images where BMI and WHR was presented with the image, and asked to rate the attractiveness of the image. The results showed that BMI is an influential factor whereas, WHR doesnt emerge as a predictor, which suggest that the WHR doesnt have any major impact when rating images for levels for attractiveness. Thornhill and Grammer 1999 used real images of women and this study also found that BMI is strongly correlated with attractiveness than is WHR.Swami, Salem, Furnham Tove (2008) criticise standard research into ratings because they often use ratings of unrealistic drawings of women. They developed a scale usin g real photographs of women the photographic rating scale (PFRS), taken from the front view and wearing a neutral costume. The PFRS was knowing to overcome many of the limitations associated with line-drawn that are currently in use, including a lack of realism and poor ecological validity. Based on a smack of 208 adult women, the results of the study showed that the PFRS had good validity in that all images were correctly rank-ordered by BMI.Marlowe, Apicella Reed (2005) criticised standard research on this topic from a different angle they said that WHR has only been evaluated using front-on , where WHR involves waists and hips of varying proportional sizes. They created a scale of in profile and varied how large the s pot were. They concluded that womens actually vary regarding where the fat is deposited in some cultures (e.g. USA) it tends to be deposited on the hips (and is favoured/disfavoured there) whilst in other cultures (e.g. Tanzania)it tends to be deposited on t he buttocks (and is favoured/disfavoured there.Smith, Cornelissen Tovee (2007) also had something to say about where fat is distributed and how different this can be from person to person. This prompted them to conduct a study using real womens bodies, where participants were shown many angles around the 360 degree spectrum. it appears that cardiovascular fitness may be a weak cue, at least in bodies not undergoing cardiovascular exercise. Instead, it seems that more salient cues, such as body mass and skin tanning, are the primary determinants of attractiveness judgements.The current study has been inspired by a popular news phrase in the Mail Online, which presented a range of 12 body shapes, including Pear, Skittle and Goblet (Trinny Susannah, 2007). This news article acknowledged the varying places where body fat can be distributed on the female . The current study intends to vary the positioning of body fat deposits and the amount of body fat, to test whether it is only WHR that affects raters judgements or other elements of body fat distribution. This will be accomplished using artificial siding and narrowing of three photos, to produce three sizes for three shapes being tested.It is evaluate that Differences in judgements between males and females and between body sizes are expected, as found in previous research. However, it is also anticipated that there may be some interesting differences in ratings depending on where body fat is distributed. It is expected that top heavy distribution of fat may be more unfavourably rated than bottom heavy or equally distributed body fat across all body sizes tested. However, there may also be fundamental interaction effects, for example, with only minor body shape differences for the narrower , yet greater body shape differences for the wider . There may also be an interaction between gender and these fall outs (e.g. males may be more cunning about body shape than females, or may be more discerning than fema les about body shape for some body sizes and not others).The hypothesis that arises from the previous research that has been discussed is To investigate if there is a relationship between the different types of body shapes and the perception of body image between different genders. If there is an effect within altered body shapes and between gender overall.MethodParticipantsA total of 180 participants were recruited at random from social networking website to take part in the online questionnaire. Most participants were selected from the university social network so the participants consisted of a range of individuals studying different courses. The participants age ranged from 18-25 with a stringent of 21.5. An equal gender split sample was selected to participate. The participants were randomly assigned to a questionnaire, each questionnaire required 20 participants to take part in the study. 10 males and 10 females were randomly chosen to complete each the questionnaire.Material sThe materials used in this experiment were the questionnaire, which was created using an online service. A copy of the questionnaire can be seen in the appendix (see appendix?). The questionnaire results are then logged online. The results will then be analysed using the computer program SPSS. Each questionnaire contains 9 different images, consisting of 3 original images which were altered in size. The original 3 were pear, skittle and chalice body shapes which are the stimuli.DesignThe experiment will be analysed through a three-way ANOVA on the attractiveness ratings a 2 (Gender Male, Female) x 3 (Body Size Narrowed, Original, Widened) x (Body Shape Pear, Skittle, Goblet). The independent variable is the reaction to body image. This will be measured through a rating scale, whereby participants will be asked to rate the level of attractiveness of the printing they are presented with. The attractiveness ratings are the central concern of this study, with the other ratings coming into court to help reduce demand characteristics. Although each participant will rate just one stimulus, between participants three body shapes and three body sizes will be rated. The dependant variable is the image that the participant will be set about with, and the gender of the participant.ProcedureParticipants were randomly assigned to participant and complete one of the 9 questionnaires. There were 9 different images entirely each of the 9 questionnaires had a different image. after(prenominal) this had been created, 9 divorce online groups were created on the social networking website, which participants were then randomly allocated a website to click on and complete the questionnaire. Once the participant had been randomly selected, a link was sent the participant to complete the questionnaire. Once the participant clicked the link they were presented with the assigned questionnaire. The participant was given a brief description and outline of what the experiment asked t hem to do, and once the participant agreed they continued through with the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the participants age and gender. Participants will be faced with one, female stimulus to rate, followed by four questions, which will ask them to rate the stimulus on attractiveness, healthiness, success and popularity. The rating scale will consist of 1 being definitely not attractive and so on and 10 being extremely attractive and so on. After the participant had then completed the ratings they were then presented with a small query description, and once they had done so an option of whether their participation was still acceptable to go on and be analysed was offered and the results were logged on the online survey website.Ethicshonorable humps with this study were addressed sufficiently and followed the BPS ethical guidelines in line with the methods used. The biggest issue was of informed consent. The participants could not be allowed to know the end aim of the study to eliminate demand characteristics. This was addressed by a number of steps being followed the subject matter will be made clear from the start and the task will be clearly explained. Also the responses will be entirely anonymous and, in the debrief adjoin details will be provided for help and advice on any matters that may have distressed participants, and the participants will have the right to withdraw from the experiment at any time. Another issue that may occur is the issue of psychological harm to the participants, as the participant may feel brusk when viewing the image and compare themselves against the image they are presented with too much. This issue will be addressed by a detailed debrief explaining that the images are a fictional image, to help lower the low self esteem that may arise. Also participants if given a questionnaire with the researcher present may feel pressured and may think that they themselves are being judged by the rese archer about their body image, as the experiment is about this issue. However, this issue will be minimised as the questionnaire is online, and the researcher will not be present and the participant may answer the questions alone and not feel pressured by the researcher. Another, issue that may have been if the researcher had to be faced with the participant, is physical risk of the participants health which is deemed to be minimal however this is primarily an online survey so that it will involve participants using their normal compute facilities. For the online recruitment, the participants and researcher will not meet face to face. However, Should additional face to face recruitment be required, it will take place in the public areas of the University in locations that both participants and researcher frequent in their normal daily lives. Other issues such as clinical interventions are not involved in the study and it is not expected to involve the University with any financial or legal risks. The Psychological risk to the researcher is considered to be minimal because the researcher understands the nature of the study and what is involved in both the subject matter and the data collection process.ResultsA three way ANOVA was used to analyse participants ratings. There are 3 main effects that could affect each participants results. However within these effects there maybe some interactions between these through a two way interaction 1) Body size x Body Shape 2) Body size x Gender 3) Body shape x Gender. By comparing body size x body shape x gender this is looking at a three way interaction was made. The mean of all scores was 4.9944.After a Post Hoc abbreviation was conducted and the results from this test are shown below. The main effects of the results are as follows. The results show that the ratings of images were not significantly affected by the factor Body Shape. important effect of Body shape F (2, 162) =0.523 p = 0.594. The main effect of Body s ize was significantly affected the rating the participant gave F (2,162) = 10.702 p=0.001. Also, both genders were significantly different when rating all body shapes when they were widened (4.08) compared with original (5.28) and narrow scores (5.62). The type of body size the participant was faced with wedge on the attractiveness rating they gave. The main effect of gender was shown to be significant F (2,162) = 7.254 p =0.008. The main effect of gender overall, the means were significantly different the average rating given by males was 4.61, whereas, the female rating was 5.38, wake a significant difference between scores.Below is a table showing the means for each body shape and gender. The table indicates that there is a significant difference between the average score of Goblet (low WHR) ratings, which show that males rate the Goblet (low WHR) lower 4.20 than females 5.60.Below, are graphs showing the interaction between all three factors and there average, mean scores, and the differences between scores.This graph shows the difference between the scores given of body size, between males and females. The means of all scores are shown. The graph indicates that overall, in all three body sizes, females rated the image higher than males. The mean for widened images shows that males significantly in particular rated this image lower 3.53 than females 4.63 this is a significant difference. (See table 1)The graph shows the interaction between the mean scores of body shape and gender. Females rated the all body shapes higher than males. The biggest

Impact of poverty on the nutrition of children

Impact of meagerness on the edible of pip-squeakrenRecent studies begin shown that pauperism has large and consistent associations with negative outcomes in baby chief(prenominal)tenance in the coupled kingdom. poorness adversely affects the sustenance of squirtren, and this issue has been a important and receiveing genial problem, even before the occurrence of the global economic downturn. Poverty is a major factor that negatively affects electric razorrens nutrition, and hence their development. This is particularly so in cases where in that location is deep, long-term scantness. The official poorness doorsill in the joined Kingdom varies according to factors uniform the money income and the sum of adults and clawren in the family. Every year in the joined Kingdom, the official poorness sceptre is updated for inflation, using the Consumer Price Index (CPI)Poverty leads to substandard nutrition and measly motor skills in children. This substandard nutr ition is similarly associated with squander (low weight-for-age) and stunted growth (low height-for-age) in children in the joined Kingdom. Research suggests that a combination of p atomic number 18ntal effort and social programs correctly de- signed and employ can improve the fits of poor children and their families. Both the statistical data and the search findings cited in this brief underscore the remove to resume efforts to reduce the child indigence rate, even as a nonher(prenominal) issues command the nations attention. (Guo G and Harris K M 2000)Poverty is associated with obesity among children in the unite Kingdom. This is be military campaign children living in poverty be more in all likelihood to have irregular eat habits, and will eat whatever comes to them, as long as it is food. poor nutrition withal leads to a situation in which poor children be at a laid-backer(prenominal) risk of evolution chronic wellness problems like anemia and asthma as they g row up. babyren living in poverty ar more likely to become physically impaired, and this would start a lot of restriction in their upcoming activities. nipperren living in poverty atomic number 18 more vulnerable to risky wellness compromise behaviors like smoking and gravelting involved in early sexual activities at a tender age. Health problems that result due to poverty during early puerility can become risk factors themselves that would instigate developmental problems later in life. These include problems in achievement, physical, language, cognitive, social and horny domains. reduce health and safety standards atomic number 18 a major factor in the lives of children who experience long term poverty. For instance, growth differences between poor and non-poor children atomic number 18 much more evident when using a long-term measure out of poverty, even when adjustments be made to accommodate family characteristics.Poverty leads to poor health in children and poor health is linked to various negative educational outcomes (Case and Paxson, 2006) Childhood health problems may impede education. Recent studies have shown that the regard of malnutrition and poor health on a childs education varies with family socio-economic status, and might be more pronounced in the case of disadvantaged families. (Fowler et al, 1992) An analysis of children despicable from chronic health problems progress more slowly through nurture than children from wealthier families (Case et al, 2002)In the United Kingdom, there has been evidence that poor health during childhood negatively affects education up until early adulthood and subsequent socioeconomic status. An analysis of the 1958 and 1946 British cohort studies shows that poverty, malnutrition and poor health in children and spring chicken adults significantly take downs the chances of cohort numbers to acquire spunkyer-order educational qualifications. Case et al, 2002 Wadsworth, 1986. some(prenominal) s tudies indicate that poverty and malnutrition in childhood also have an disturb on adult employment and income, although this impact may not be large as comp ared to other significant socio-economic factors (Currie, 2009 Haas, 2006 Palonni, 2006 Paallon et al, 2008)Results from recent studies suggest that when children are raised in poverty, they are placed at a higher risk of various negative outcomes which can extend into their adult life. thither have been consistently numerous negative associations between poverty in childhood, malnutrition and poor academic results. Poverty has also been associated with children dropping out of rail at the adolescent age. Another line of business about changes in family outcomes show that children whose families go from being above poverty to being either poor or on welfare have lower reading scores than children whose families were never poor. (Guo G and Harris K M 2000)Family poverty and inadequate nutrition is also associated with highe r risk of teenage pregnancy, negative mate relationships and lower self esteem, in comparison with children who have not been exposed to poverty. statistical data as well as research findings have underscored the need for the resumption of efforts aimed at alleviating the child poverty rate. unmatched recent study found that long term poverty is associated with childrens inner feelings of anxiety, unhappiness, and dependence, while genuine poverty is associated with acting out, disobedience and aggression. (Cumella S, Grattan E and Vostanis P 1998)Research has shown that there are numerous ways by which poverty affects the health of children. Poverty leads to a situation in which children are exposed to risk factors like environmental degradation, maternal depression, enate substance abuse, low quality child care, violent crime, divorce, abuse, trauma and malnutrition. Poverty and inadequate nutrition are likely to affect childrens mulish and psychological readiness for educati onal development and study, and the social support they may need for it. Overcrowding may have direct do on education and development. It may also have cause via its effects on health and well-being. Overcrowding can limit sleep and the ability to concentrate. herd in the home has also been hypothesized to have negative effects on child development, and the development of socially supportive relationships, which result in psychological distress. (Evans, 2005)Effects of poverty and poor nutrition on the health and welfare of children in the United KingdomPoor nutrition as a result of poverty has negative effects on the health and benefit of children in the United Kingdom. Children from families whose family income falls below the official poverty room access are the most affected by this situation. The official poverty threshold in the United Kingdom varies depending on the number of children and adults in the family.A recent study suggests that family poverty and malnutrition c auses chronic stress thereby hint to an undermining of a childs working memory. Poverty and malnutrition also lead to poorer healthcare for children and cause inadequate social behavior in children, which can undermine the educational achievement of these children. Malnutrition as a result of poverty also causes poor social and emotional development in children, as children in poverty are at a enormouser risk of displaying emotional and behavioral problems like impulsiveness, disobedience, and difficulty in relating properly with their peers.Children who grow up in Poverty and malnutrition tend to show less compliance and positive behaviors than other children who do not live in an impoverished situation. Family poverty is also associated with a higher risk for teen childbearing, less positive peer relations, and lower self- esteem compared with children who have never experienced poverty. (Koller K, Brown T, Spurgeon A and Levy L 2004)Poverty influences a childs social, emotiona l, and behavioral outcomes because poor children are more likely to be raised by single parents and to live in households where there is less parental supervision and more parental distress. Research finds that poor children are more likely to experience denounce moves and changes in family structure than more affluent children. In turn, children with such degenerate lives are more likely to have negative social and emotional outcomes than children whose lives are congenatorly stable. Another explanation for the influence of poverty on childrens social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes is that children in low-income families and neighborhoods may be less likely than children who grow up in more economically comfortable circumstances to be exposed to positive social norms in their lives and neighborhoods. (Case A, Lubotsky D and Paxson C 2002) collapse BAn analysis of health promotion mandate and strategies in the United Kingdom as relates to child nutritionThere is a great nee d to consider the policies that affect the nutrition and wellbeing of children in the United Kingdom, as they are the youngest and most vulnerable members of our society. Although the latest strategies and legislations on child nutrition and health have been structured to be as practical as possible in order to determine which programmes and initiatives are effective, children are still vulnerable to the negative effects of poverty and malnutrition that result from poverty. One such legislation that affects child poverty and nutrition in the United Kingdom is the child poverty act 2010, which places a statutory responsibility of developing child poverty strategies on the executive arm of government.Child poverty has been an important issue for quite some time, and is not a matter that can be tackled in the short term. There are numerous factors that may affect the efforts aimed at lifting children out of poverty, especially in the current economic climate.In order to effectively t ackle child poverty in the United Kingdom, it is vital to consider wider family circumstances, and efforts must be made to provide the legal guardians or parents of the children with adequate support to spiel up the children. This can be in the form of financial support, info and advice. There are 2 major aspects of the causes and impact of child poverty in the United Kingdom1. Reduction of joblessness among adults who look after children2. publicity of longer term outcomes through interventions that are designed to effectively deliberate with the cyclical nature of child poverty and malnutrition.The key areas to be tackled in the reduction of joblessness are adult plazaed, but the key relevant areas in promoting longer-term outcomes for tackling the cyclical nature of child poverty and malnutrition by facilitating the increase of future prospects. These strategies would have to be focused on a longer-term impact.In the current economic climate, it is important to utilize every opportunity for improved inter-agency and cross-departmental cooperation in order to ensure that statutory obligations placed on the relevant departments inwardly the child poverty act are treated as high priority.It must be noted that no one department has the authority, resources or power to fully tackle the objectives of this child poverty eradication strategy. It is thus, dogmatic that departments must combine efforts to achieve a common aim, so as to ensure the achievement of maximum impact on the issue.The aim of child nutrition legislation and strategies is the provision of opportunities for children and young people to succeed in life, and to address the causes and effects of disadvantage as a result of poverty and inadequate nutrition. It is important for the executive to advocate for the proper level on income resources on behalf of the children and their families. Families should also be given support in accessing these benefits.The main strategic priority for the child poverty legislation and strategies in the United Kingdom is to ensure that poverty and disadvantage during childhood do not translate into poorer outcomes for the disadvantaged children as they grow up and become adults. Child poverty legislation strategies also aim to ensure that the environment in which children grow up supports them to thrive, and to provide support for more parents to enable them have work that is profitable.Another strategy for alleviating child poverty and malnutrition in the United Kingdom is to tackle the issue of the child relative income poverty. The child relative income poverty is the proportion or number of children living in households that are below the income poverty line in each given year. The income poverty line in a particular year is set at 60% of the median level of household income in the United Kingdom (Currie J 2009)In order for child poverty and nutrition strategies in the United Kingdom to succeed, there must be a hawk towards tackling t he root causes of poverty and poor nutrition, and not only treating the symptoms of poverty. There should also be a gradual transition towards using preventative measures in tackling child poverty, and intervening at an early stage in situations where families are in difficulty, in order to reduce the likelihood of more solid issues developing in the future.It is of essence that children are put at the center of child poverty legislation strategies and that the views and perspectives of these children are taken into account when developing poverty eradication programmes and policies. Efforts must be maximized in strengthening and upward(a) prevention and early intervention for the children and their families, especially during the first 3 age of life, so as to improve their future outcomes in health and wellbeing. Families who are experiencing food poverty and lack of adequate nutrition should also be helped so that they will be able to acquire the food and nutrition necessary fo r them to stay in good health.Aid should be provided for parents in low-income families to enable them to gain education, training and working skills that will help them to get better paid employment. The issues involved in child poverty legislation cannot all be tackled at once. Therefore, there is a need for a targeted approach. A smaller number of high priority issues must be first identified, and then efforts must be concentrated on these high priority issues first.

Software Project Management

Softwargon dispatch Management stand Proposal gatewayThe organization in which the wander is to be carried out is ******** It is a multinational computer technology corporation, which is involved in ontogeny, manufacturing, licensing and supporting a spacious range of software intersection points for computing devices. The vision of the company is to excogitate a livestation where the software runs onto all(prenominal) desk and sooner or later in every home. The company follows the principles and corporate code of conduct. The objective of the company is to delight its customers, employees and shareh obsolescenters with the tending of delivering advance technology.The company wants to enlarge its leadership in the field of manufacturing and technology. It wants to addition its profitability worldwide by satisfying the customer needs and wants to pass by in customer orientation. Managers from Sales, Consulting and IT departments shake off set a problem that has trim bac k productiveness to unacceptable levels. The current email administration is make substantial business interruptions and must be updated. The current administration is disjointed and much of the technology is outdated.Name of the purge and persons associated with vagabondName of the go out netmail System Up grad, Expansion and Integration spew Proposer The efflorescence authority person and the member from IT department are the proposers of the lying-in. They come through form _or_ system of g all overnment definition to the Project group. They resolve all policy issues with the appropriate policy owners in order to provide a clear, decisive definition. They are the persons who educate final decisions and resolves conflicts or issues regarding go out expectations across organizational and startal areas (Agarwal Mishra, 2007). Project sponsor The calculate sponsors provide executive aggroup approval and sponsorship for the objectify. Project Stakeholders The pro ject stakeholders include Sales, Consulting and IT department management leaders and end users. They are the key provider of lookments and recipient of project deliverable and associated benefits. The majority of stakeholders for this project allow be agency heads (Agarwal Mishra, 2007). Project Managers ****** are the IT Department Head. They provide overall management to the project. They are accountable for establishing a Project Charter, sustaining and managing the work picture, securing appropriate resources and delegating the work and insuring prospering accomplishment of the project. totally project team members report to the project manager (Agarwal Mishra, 2007).Project team The team volition include 2 executives or support managers, 1 market analysts, 2 product designers and 1 financial manager. The project team members are involved in analyzing, designing and ultimately improving or replacing the business processes. Objective of the projectThe aims and objective s of the project areTo develop fast e-mail system in the companyTo expand the actual activities or production facilities.Avoidance of the delay, technical flaws and drawing defects (Agarwal Mishra, 2007).Developing natural servers, software and protocol in order to watch competitiveupdate the technology and opening of additional accounts online.Proper tooling and techniques (Agarwal Mishra, 2007).Proper control over chain reaction activities.To meet the changing demands of the customers (Ramaswamy Namakumari, 2007).To earn more revenues and profits.Project DeliverablesA consolidated e-mail software and network which has upgraded and modernized servers, disposed(p) protocol, staff trained in novel software, hardware and protocol, functioning system overhaul desk, system commissioning report and stakeholder project sign get through (Agarwal Mishra, 2007)Technical requirements for the standard of performanceA comprehensive range of e-learning tools and a in the raw Email St andards and Protocols would be established and training go out be provided to all departments. All the current email users shall be converted into the new system, and 500 new users that did not have email before shall be added. The users would have both LAN and remote nettle to email. Some help desk and support infrastructure shall be set-up to accommodate the new system. The relevant equipment would be salvaged (Agarwal Mishra, 2007). The users PCs would be upgraded to accommodate the new email system. It is expected that implementation and successful completion of this project will reduce operational expenses and increase productivity to create a net value of $200,000 per year (Agarwal Mishra, 2007).Major MilestonesThe milestones of this project include both the technical as well as the behavioral aspects like designing the up gradation project, selecting the team who needs to suffer this project, appointment of the team, which is responsible for the project and periodly ev aluation and assessment of the project (Agarwal Mishra, 2007).Project scopeThe proposed project will completely consolidate the old systems, update hardware and greatly diminish epoch and work losses referable to technical and procedural e-mail communication problems.This change is needed for company to be sustainable, provide timely service to the customers and ultimately remain relevant in todays competitive marketIncludes 2500 identified end users from the 12 departments and offices will be provided with the equipments that cigaret operate the new system. Training will be provided to the employees for the use of the new system and system protocols (Agarwal Mishra, 2007). All the 2500 users will be converted in to the new system. In this new system, there will be LAN and remote access will be offered to the users. The system will be set up by the support infrastructure and help desk. The system will function after upgrading the PCs. Does Not Include Accounts or training in excess of 2500 are not part of the scope of this project. This effort will not extend into other aspects of ACME, Inc.s information systems but will be confined to the e-mail system solely.Project management, reporting and dogmaticIn order to implement a project in a successful manner, able corporation should first select a project management team comprising of professionals such as engineers, technicians, managers and accountants with responsibilities in their respective fields. The team should be headed by a project manager with individuals deep protrude outlined parameters to achieve a common goal, i.e. to complete the implementation within project schedule, projected cost and deliver the project with defined quality(Agarwal Mishra, 2007). The team members have to report timely and directly to the project manager. Project overruns and project disappointment are due to the cumulative effects of a number of reasons. Thus, a manager has to play a significant role in completion of project.Project prioritiesThe project aims to accomplish all the set objectives. However, it emphasizes on accepted jobs on a priority basis like up gradation of the skills and knowledge of the trainees, reinforcement of the value and ethics of the organization, reviewing and evaluation of the existing work-patterns in the Able good deal, minimization of the redundant practices in the organization, completion of the project within the scheduled time-frame and maintaining high-quality standards in the due course of the project.Resources RequiredA alteration of resources will be needed to implement the project of new product development. The main resources, which are considered in the project, are the financial resources and workforce or staff of the company. With the help of the team as well the staff, the project can be completed rapidly and before the decided duration (Resource consideration, 2008). The project can be successful only when a firm is heart-to-heart of utilizi ng its limited economic resources optimally. For the completion of the project, it is necessary that the resources are fully allocated as they are limited (Resource consideration, 2008).Work Break down StructureThe work breakdown structure (WBS) presents a systematic and logical breakdown of the project into its component parts. The company is facing decrease in the productivity levels due to problems in the email system. The email system used currently is causing interruptions and the technology has become obsolete. The email system should be updated in the organization. on that point are 500 new users who do not have accounts. This will require an additional investment. For making an effective communication process, the Able Corporation has to be technologically advanced (Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), 2008).WBS in the email system project is broken into a logical serial publication of smaller chores, each of which is chosen for size and scope to fit it with the project managem ent structure so that it can be subjected to efficient cooking and execution (Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), 2008). It is believed that during the process of e-mail system up gradation, the work of the project would be broken down and consequently unified with the process of organizing the project. The organization of the project would be further broken down to the functional groups of the project team (Agarwal Mishra, 2007). In this case, the WBS would represent the persona and sub-division of work to the level of work packages.Cost estimatesIt is estimated that the task of forming the project team, plan kind and project estimation would be completed in 4 days and would incur a cost of about $15,000. The selection of project staff for phase would be completed in a time of 7 days with an expenditure of $7,000. However, for securing the commitments for staff availability, it is estimated that a period of 5 days would be taken and nearly $1,000 would be incurred on this task (Wo rk Breakdown Structure (WBS), 2008).Near about 3 days would be needful to complete the identification and allocation of management clerical overheads to the phase by incurring a cost of $7,000. In order to approximate user system requirements, duration of 25 days would be required with an expenditure of $6,000. The task of Network suitability, test and changing the control procedures would arouse to be detrimental for the final outcome and success of the project. As a result, a great deal of emphasis would be laid on this task in terms of time and money. It would thus require an drawn-out period of 41 days and a heavy expenditure of $15,000. To develop the support infrastructure for the helpdesk, it is estimated that a period of 30 days would be sufficient with an expenditure of $22,000 (Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), 2008).Thus, this task would also require significant attention from the people involved in the project. To complete the task of implementation, 10 days would be warranted with a cost of $15,000. Also, an expenditure of $10,000 would be incurred on salvaging the equipments in a period of 10 days. Finally, a time of 7 days would be required to deploy the e-mail systems by incurring a cost of $9,000. ReferencesAgarwal, N.P. Mishra, B.K. (2007) Project management (4th Edition). New Delhi Ramesh hold up Depot.Mathew, M.J. (2000). Sales Management and Sales Promotion (3rd Revised Edition), Jaipur RBSA Publishers.Resource Considerations (2008) Retrieved may 29, 2008 from http//www.utexas.edu/computer/lrp/ch6_res.htmWork Breakdown Structure (WBS) (2008). Retrieved June 25, 2008 from http//www.hyperthot.com/pm_wbs.htm

Technology Used In Mobile Wallet Computer Science Essay

engine direction employ In vigorous Wallet Computer Science Essay energetic notecase system is an innovative and revolutionary breakthrough smooth mercantile system solution that offers the conveniences of cash-less shopping, as well as making foreign payments via any active speech sound, where financial and merchandising transactions are do at the touch of the fingertips.Technology employ in mobile wallet is known as Near depicted object Communication (NFC). Near national Communication is a curt range high frequency which enables the modify of data between devices over about a 10 centimeter distance.Keywords Mobile wallet, Near Field Communication, mobile commerce, intelliwal, DORIS i.e. digital online registration and acknowledgment system. , RFID i.e. wireless Frequency IdentificationI. IntroductionMobile wallet similarly known as wallet phone is a mobile enabled employment that will re property a device from your pocket i.e. your wallet. The emerging piano t uner and mobile networks have extended electronic commerce to other interrogation and industriousness subject i.e. mobile commerce. This creates new opportunities for customers to conduct business from any location at any diaphragm of time. One of the operative application of mobile applications is transforming the mobile phone into a mobile wallet with digital cash that supports both as real cash and auspices 1. It is a type of mobile payment technology in which instead of paid with cash, checks or credit posters, a consumer can use a mobile phone to pay for wide range of services and digital or goods such asMusic, videos, ringtones, online game purchase, wallpapers and other goods.Transportation fare of bus, tick etcBooks, magazines, tickets and other goodsThere are four primary rulels for mobile payments unmediated Mobile BillingSMS based transactional paymentsMobile web payments (WAP)NFC (Near Field Communication)So in the payment models, mobile wallet uses NFC techno logyII. System unavoidablenessA. Hardware requirementMobile Phone that should be NFC enabled.Touch point i.e. NFC enabled machineDoris SD card token for security purpose.B. Software requirementIntelliwalDORIS in operation(p) systemProgramming languageIntelliwal is a smart running mobile phone application which incorporates and extends all the functionality provided by a conventional bodily wallet 8. History of all the transaction is hold in this application.Digital online registration and identification system, for short DORIS is mainly for security purpose 8. in operation(p) system for mobiles should be symbian.Programming language used is C++.III. Technology mapdNear Field Communication (NFC)Near Field Communication, for short NFC is a technology for short range communication. It uses magnetic field conclusion to enable communication between electronic devices based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). We have to just bestow two NFC enabled devices in close contact for communication .Some examples of what a user can do with an NFC mobile phone in an NFC-enabled environmentDownload music or video from a smart poster.Exchange business cards with another NFC enabled phone.Print an image on a printer using your phone.Use a point-of-sale terminal to pay for a purchase, the same focal point as with a standard contactless credit card.Can pay lease or bus fare using your phone.Communication Modes of NFCActive modePassive modeIn active mode devices can exceed with each other. Each device has to generate its own RF field, if it wants to take data. The RF field is alternately generated by one of the two devices.In passive mode a device has to use inductive coupler to transmit data. For battery powered devices, like mobile phone it is go bad to use in passive mode. In this mode communication takes place between active device and passive device.OPERATING temperS OF NFCNFC devices work in three different operating modes 8PEER-TO-PEER MODEREADER/WRITER M ODETAG EMULATION MODEIV. System DescriptionWhile using mobile wallet we should have a mobile phone with NFC enabled in it and one touch point NFC enabled machine. If we want to buy anything just bring our mobile in contact of touch point and we can obviously do the transaction using our mobile phone by introduction the product code in an application called intelliwal which is present in NFC enabled handset.Intelliwal is a smart running mobile phone application which incorporates and extends all the functionality provided by a conventional physical wallet. History of all the transaction is maintained in this application.Digital online registration and identification system, for short DORIS is mainly for security purpose. DORIS works as tri interface chip is attached to NFC enabled mobile phone which provides authentication.V. ApplicationsMobile wallet application can be used by anyone having NFC enables handset. Currently nokia is giving this facility in some of its handset. It is more reliable than keeping a wallet 9. apply NFC technology we can tack data between two devices, pay bus or rent fare, print image on printer and lots of other applications.VI. AdvantagesMobile wallet provides freedom from keeping your wallet, credit card, debit card and so onwith you. Using your mobile phone you can shop anywhere you want.NFC has many advantages such as mobile ticketing in public transport, exchange of data etc.VII. Future ApplicationMobile wallet can be used as Electronic ticketing airline tickets, concert/event tickets, and others.Electronic money. fail cards.Identity documents.Mobile commerce.Electronic keys car keys, house/office keys, hotel room keys, etc 3.Currently it is in use in some countries such as US. Forging a tie-up with ICICI Bank and Bharti Airtel it is expected that nearly half(prenominal) of present Indian population will use this by 2010 4.VIII. shutdownMobile wallet provides freedom from keeping your wallet, credit card, debit card etc with you. Using your mobile phone you can shop anywhere.Near Field Communication is an efficient technology for communications with short ranges. It offers an intuitive and impartial way to transfer data between electronic devices. A significant advantage of this technique is the compatibility with existing RFID infrastructures.

robert e. lee Essay -- essays research papers

Robert E. leeward, who was considered to be the greatest soldier fighting for the ConfederateStates of America, descended from a want line of famous gunslingeres. Many of lee(prenominal)s ancestorsplayed important roles in Americas history. His bugger off was a Revolutionary War hero anda friend of George Washington. He was often referred to as Light Horse Harry leeward. lee(prenominal) was natural on January 19, 1807 in Stratford, Virginia. Lee always admired Washington,and was his hero as a youngster. Young Lee decided to become a soldier, part because ofthe military tradition of his family. Lee enrolled in watt Point soldiery Academy andgraduated 2nd in his class in 1829. Lee majored in military get uping and supervisedseveral army projects, he was named atomic number 42 Lieutenant in the Corp engineers. His devotionand hard excogitate in supervising harbor improvements in Saint Louis got him promoted toCaptain in 1838.As a captain, his first experience in actual part icipation was in the Mexican War. He servedunder General Winfield Scott, and was the best engineer in General Scotts campaign.Lees actions at the conflicts of Cerro Gordo, Churubusco, and Chapultepec received manyhigh praises and realise him a reputation. General Scott claimed that the success of thewar was due to Lees bravery and skills, Lee was appointed the rank of Colonel.In 1582 he was appointed superintendent of West Point Military Academy. Under hisservice, James B. McPherson, Phillip Sheridan, and John Bell lummox would graduate from theacademy, soon to be famous. Lee finished his duty as the superintendent in 1855, andserved as a Lieutenant Colonel in the Second Cavalry, stationed in Texas.In 1859, while serving in Texas, Lee was displace to command a group of Marines to suppressJohn dark-br witnesss uprising. John Brown was a northern abolitionist would believed a rebellionin the reciprocal ohm would lead to abolition. He was taken down by Lees forces. Aftersuppressin g the uprising, Lee was called to Washington is 1861. The succession movementhad begun. Some southern states had left, but Lees own Virginia was still uncertain.As much as Lee had supported the Union, he couldnt bear the sight of matrimony soldiersinvading and destroying his hometown. Lee had thought over this matter for days, andfinally decided to resign from the union forces and offer his serve up to the confederacy.When Lee reached Richmond, Virginia had succeeded and they had a... ...hrew strong attacks at the union forces, but was repulsed withheavy losses. The battle of Gettysburg was the largest battle ever fought in NorthAmerica. He was criticized for attempting an impossible battle, the union forces had andadvantageous position and more men.After Gettysburg, Lee retreated bandaging to Virginia for the rest of the war. With the lossof more and more soldiers, Lee had no extract but to start taking a defensive position. Inthe leaping of 1864, General Ulysses render got control of the union forces and decided tobring Lee into northern Virginia and crush the confederate forces there. Grant rushed toPetersburg, hoping to seize the railway the was supplying Lee with supplies. Lee hadarrived first and Grant started a siege. In 1865, Grant finally seized control of therailroads and lee retreated to the west. Lee, realizing his loss of men, met Grant atAppomattox and surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia.After the war, Lee was considered a hero of the south, with dignity he accepted hisdefeat and preached to his people the necessity of pause and national unity. He laterbecame the principal of Washington college at Lexington. He died on October 12, 1870.

Discuss How Carol Ann Duffy Makes Effective Use Of Metaphor. Essay

Discuss How Carol Ann Duffy Makes Effective workout Of Metaphor. In Valentine, Carol Ann Duffy uptakes metaphors to illustrate andattempt to explain the complex exposed of whap. Valentine is a genuinelypoignant, meaningful metrical composition which is on a very personal level withC.A.D. It seems as if she is drawing on personal experiences.The ordinary tone of the poem appears to be one of bitterness andresentment. Forceful comments such(prenominal) as, Here.. and Take itsuggest that she still holds hidden anger towards the events fromwhich she is drawing her memories.The main metaphor that she uses is of course an onion. She uses anonion to comp be the different aspects of hit the sack in a number of ways. Inthe first instance of C.A.Ds use of an onion she uses it to comp atomic number 18the fact that both an onion and love perk up many layers. She proposesthat this is a huge similarity between the two obviously unrelatedobjects.Secondly, C.A.D uses the onions shape and colour to reflect how livelinesschanging love can be. She describes the onion as a moon about wrapped inbrown paper What she mode by this is that love can light up yourheart but that it often becomes cloud-covered by other issues and problems-the brown paper symbolizes the barrier. In another(prenominal) way, the brownpaper could symbolize boundaries people sometimes erect because theyare scared or cynical.C.A.D. seems to be cynical about love- either throughout the poem sheseems to want to escape the clichs and what most people wouldconsider as romance. Perhaps this may be because she has had a badexperience of love which she has then illustrated through words in herpoem.Just after this she states it promises light.. which means thatC.A.D is suggesting that sometimes a... ...reak.In the final stanza, C.A.D writes, the air tasted of electricity..She is referring to the charged atmosphere caused by adolescenthormones. Obviously the classroom is going to be full of hormonesbecause of all the children. Another reference to the heavily chargedatmosphere is, the heavy, sexy sky.. which vertical supports theatmosphere being hormonally charged.Carol Ann Duffys use of metaphors is very impelling andillustrative-it causes readers to form subconscious links betweenobjects which in reality are apparently unrelated. Without the use ofmetaphors, her poems would be entirely different and I am not surethey would be as flowing or as descriptive. The metaphors are oftenthe basis upon which C.A.Ds descriptions are built. She uses them togreat put up by blending and layering metaphors with other adjectivesand descriptions.

Comparing Dulce et Decorem Est with Charge of the Light Brigade Essay

Comparing Dulce et Decorem Est with Charge of the Light BrigadeAlthough both Dulce et decorousness Est and The Charge of the LightBrigade are about battle and the goal of soldiers, they portray theexperience of war in different focusings. The main digression between thepoems is the message they express. They seem to be writing about altogether different wars. Wilfred Owens poem Dulce et Decorum Est,was write from his point of view as a soldier in the war. It is much more personal and eindigence than Charge of the Light Brigade.Tennysons poem, on the other hand was written as one of his duties asthe Poet Laureate at the time. It lacks the detail and as well thepersonal experience that Owenss poem has, and gives the impressionthat Tennyson does not actually care about the war very much and doesnot sack out much about it. Charge of the Light Brigade was written to immortalize a suicidal charge by light cavalry everywhere open terrain byBritish forces in the Battle of Balaclava in the Crimean War. 247 menof the 637 in the charge were killed or wounded.Tennyson wrote Light Brigade in a few minutes after reading thedescription in The clock of the Battle of Balaclava in 1854. His poemincreased the morale of the British soldiers fighting in the CrimeanWar and of the people at home, however Tennyson had not been an eyewitnessto the battle he describes.I think Tennysons motive for writing this poem was to glorify the actof war, I feel he wanted to celebrate the bravery of the six hundredBritish legions who went to battle knowing that they were going to die.I think this because from my own fellowship I know Lord Tennyson wasthe poet Laureate at the time of the Crimean war, but did not witnessany fight... ...atin is used. This contrastswith the rest of the poem and makes it more dramatic. The subscriberlingers on the last phrase to work out what it means and it makes moreof an impact on them in Latin than it would in English. The last lineof Charge of the L ight Brigade is also very dramatic. As I havealready mentioned, it refers to the soldiers all the way through thepoem as the six hundred and then at the end refers to them as the solemn six hundred as if the war is over and the soldiers are prideful at the end of the poem.Overall I prefer Dulce et Decorum Est as it much more powerful toread. It is well structures and uses a lot of alliteration, assonance, much(prenominal) as white eyes writhing and repetition all the way through. Itmakes the reader feel guilty, angry and understand the pain andsuffering that the soldiers went through in a subtle way.

Schindlers List :: essays research papers

1 We talked nearly in class one time about the education in the US compared to other countries actually make me wonder how well we were educated. It was shocking to me that these other places were learning things that here we foolt even learn and that they were hale or required. When I ask the America Skips School article at first I was very(prenominal) confused. When we started talking about it in class it became clearer to me. My personal opinion on this is that I dont think I should be forced to have more education. Yet, I feel that if you want it, it should be offered, and dress out their as an option. However, I also think that it shouldnt be up to the students. I believe we should have a say solely I can hardly imagine a late potentiometer of students saying that want to learn more and spend more of their fall by the wayside time in the class room. If a student was truly wanting their education they could take late classes after the normal school mean solar day a nd when school gets out in June that they could take summer courses. Yet comprehend to all these opinions on other ways you can get more education makes me think how good our education is?I think that it really comes down to it that, our education compared to other countries is a lot more un structured, and at some times less informative and strict. I think our party it based upon the media and that is what leads us and keeps up up to date. I think that in America our lives as days go by have execute less and less dependant on an education. You can become very successful in disembodied spirit without a college education or in the rappers Eminems case a high school diploma. Our rules of order had adequate to that and made it easy to live a fairly decent demeanor without a strict education.2The comparison of like in the shetles and life now in communities is very different. When we were watching Fiddler on the roof I noticed that in those times their lives pretty much rotate around traditions and family values, and sadly today thats not how we go about our lives at all. I think in todays society we base our decisions on what we have been taught. We are raised and informed by our parents, teachers, family, friends etc to a certain point then we go out in the real world on our own and learnt from our own mistakes.

Inevitability Of Independence :: essays research papers

Many colonists, in the soon to be United States, matte up that the English govern workforcet beneath which they lived was not fulfilling the needs of its citizens. The poor government activity of the British parliament and king left the colonies in a state of affairs where seceding from great Britain was the most logical solution. Colonist is a term utilize loosely in reference to the revolution. The people responsible for the declaration of independence and other important revolutionary acts were not the average colonists, rather they were the fatty and powerful land owners. These men, like Thomas Jefferson and George Washington, were enkindle in devising notes and their only real barrier was England. Taxation without representation stray these men from their money and they mat up that it was unfeasible to continue living under a government which such absolute power. England claimed that the colonies were virtually represented in parliament but the government in England was looking into the best interests of England and not the best interests of the colonies. The forefathers of our great country were interested in forming a refreshing government utilizing the ideas of the enlightenment period but they were also very interested in making money. England was making it increasingly difficult for these men to sound richer. In 1765 a document called Resolutions of the Stamp Act Congress was written. within it the colonists pointed out several discrepancies in their governing powers, one of which was this excerpt.IX. That the duties imposed by several late Acts of Parliament, from the peculiar circumstances of these colonies, will be exceedingly burdensome and grievous and from the scarcity of specie, the payment of them absolutely impractic qualified.The powerful men of America certainly felt that they were not going to be able to make money, in fact from what they told the British government, they stood to lose money.They also felt that they migh t not only lose the ability to make money but also the ability to survive. This next excerpt is from the 1775 Declaration of the Causes and urgency of Taking up ArmsThe commercial intercourse of whole colonies, with outside countries, and with each other, was cut off by an act of parliament by another several of them were entirely prohibited from the fisheries in the seas near their coasts, on which they always depended for their sustenance.When one thinks of revolution, one may conjure up images of angry citizens bearing arms with a mind set to gain policy-making change.

Role of Symbols and Symbolism in C. S. Lewis Chronicles of Narnia :: Chronicles of Narnia Essays

Role of Symbolism in C. S. Lewis Chronicles of NarniaIt has al instructions been unspeakable to realize how wellhead the lit I read as a child has stayed with me through the years. It takes an exceptional writer to compose a annals that maintains a storyline on the same level of a childs disposition it takes everything short of a miracle to keep a childs interest. However, that undertaking has been accomplished by many skilled authors, and continues to be an area of growth in the literary world. Only this year the New York Times has given the genre of childrens literature the credit it deserves by creating a separate best-sellers list just for keen childrens books. Yet, on another level, childrens literature is not only for the young. I guess that the mark of a brilliant childrens author is the age range of those who aspire pleasure from the stories the wider the range, the better. I believe a retention of knowledge, as well as the love for a book (whether as an adult o r child) is partly linked to the quality of words and imagination utilized in the authors tales. C. S. Lewis is a wondrous example of an author whose work extends to reach beyond the level of children, and brings into view the scenery of Narnia as an expression of life. His storytelling style brought the lands and populate of the chronicles intothe view of my minds eye as a child, and in the same way let my imagination interact with the story. Now I am an adult, and I have come to realize that the symbolism and parallels in the Chronicles of Narnia, which I whitethorn have overlooked with my childs mind, are presently real to me. The Chronicles of Narnia are wonderful to read whether one be six or thirty-six they subsume to childhood as well as life in a general sense. While the Chronicles tell the story of an imaginary land near of talking animals and heroic princes/princesses, I tend to look further into it in order to grasp the symbolism and relation to life. Symbolism p lays an important aim in the chronicles by being the background and foundation of a character. I get the impression that in some ways the characters were constructed around their symbolical purpose, and not the opposite way.

Three Admirable Souls :: essays research papers

Three Admirable Souls     There be contrary people that cave in certain qualities that make us admire them. any(prenominal) people have their own admirable souls. The three nation every(prenominal)y cognise figures that I admire and respect are Jackie Robinson, baton Graham, and Condolezza Rice, due to all of their recognizable tributes that they have given not only to their families but to everyone most the earth.     The first person I admire and respect is Jackie Robinson in that respect are musical compositiony reasons for my admiration for Mr. Robinson. To begin with Jackie Robinson proved to be a man of courage and self respect. He earned and proved this courage and self respect by accepting a very challenging invitation to aim the first African American to enter the Major League Baseball, where there was only Caucasian players. For example, when he first began to play he was confront with racism with this also came along, di scrimination, physical, and verbal abuse. While facing this racism, Jackie Robinson held on to proving himself a man of self respect and looking forward to proving that a man should not be valued or accepted by the colouring of his skin, but by the inward person, which makes us who really are. Jackie Robinson behaved like a gentleman despite of all the challenges before him and so by doing this he gained respect by those around him and opened opportunities for other African American players to enter the National Baseball League. These are the qualities of Jackie Robinson courage, humbleness, and self respect that have come to make me admire and respect him.      The second person that I admire and respect is Billy Graham. Billy Graham is a world famous evangelist that has been called to preach the Gospel according to his religious belief. Billy Graham began his ministry in the United States and England for the "Youth of Christ Crusade", which eventually led him to have large-scale evangelistic campaign in Los Angeles in 1949. I admire his dedication to his ministry because he has taken the gospel so that every one will have an opportunity to receive salvation according to his religious belief. Billy Graham is still obedient to the concern of his ministry because of his fifty six years of preaching and at the age of eighty seven his obedience is still having an influence on young and sr. people. Those who have had an encounter with Mr. Graham have had their faith stronger and have spiritually grown.

Road Rage: The Scourge Of Americas Roadways :: essays research papers fc

Topic roadway R ripenGeneral Purpose To convinceSpecific Purpose To convince the audience to combat "road heat" by increasing driver awarenessThesis Statement " roadway vehemence" caused by bellicose driving tendencies is a growing epidemic affecting todays roadways, further on that point is a solution.Ethos Include myself in my statements.Pathos Audience should feel horror-stricken at the consequences of road rage.Logos Cite statistics and research resources.IntroductionI. How many of you have always been in a motor vehicle? Did you know that "motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among Ameri empennages 1-37 years old." With the largest % being our age group. (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety)II. Many duty accidents could have been easily prevented if non for the angry menace called road rage. alley rage caused by aggressive driving tendencies is a growing epidemic affecting todays roadways, but there is a solution.Transition 1 As you can see road rage is a serious problem that could potentially affect us all. further many of us have different ideas of the scope of road rage.BodyI. You can better combat "road rage" by understanding what it is...A. Road rage or aggressive driving is defined as style behind the wheel in which furious drivers lose their temper and subscribe in risk-taking behavior or attempt to injure or butcher another driver or pedestrian over minor traffic disputes.(Dr. Leon James, Professor of Psychology at the University of Hawaii, further defines road rage by breaking it down into triplet types)1. Verbal Road Rage is serene of behaviors such as yelling, swearing, gesturing, honking, and insulting.2. Quiet Road Rage includes complaining, rushing, competing, and resisting.3. Epic Road Rage includes cutting off, blocking, chasing, fighting, and shooting.B. You all are thinking that weve all through some of those things, but no one really gets hurt. You can be sure thats exa ctly what Tracie Alfieri and Narkey Terry also thought.1. According to a June 2, Newsweek article, Tracie Alfieri became savage by the manner in which Rene Andrews pulled into her lane. Alfieri tried to pass Andrews on the amend then cut in front and hit the brakes causing Andrews to swerve into a stopped tractor resulting in the loss of Andrews 6 month old unborn child. Tracie Alfieri was convicted this May of vehicular manslaughter and sentenced to 18 months in prison. (Newsweek)2. In the most commonly cited incident of road rage, which ended in three deaths Narkey Terry and Billy Canipe became involved in a game of scour and mouse because Canipe was moving too slowly in the left lane.

Meeting the Demand for Clergy in Victorian England :: European History

Meeting the Demand for Clergy in prissy England Many new commutes came to Victorian England as a resolving power of the age of industrialization. Where there were at one time small country parishes, manufacturing towns were springing up. One change resulting from industrialization was the shortage of clergy to fill the new parishes in these towns. These new parishes invent the demographic changes of the English countryside. Rural villages grew into booming towns. Where a single parish was once sufficient, there was now a need for multiple parishes. The Church of England went closely meeting these contracts for new clergy in two major ways, actively recruiting work force to the clergy and restructuring theological facilities and changing the requirements for ordination. These factors show us some of the upheaval and reconstructive memory that was going on in the Anglican Church in Victorian England. This was a direct result of the need to train a outstanding number of clergy in a relatively short period of time. industrial enterprise changed the demographic make up of England. In The Victorian Church in York Edward Royle states that As suburban development turned sparsely populated manors into grow and populous communities, further parochial sub-division took place (2). Where small parishes once were sufficient, the big manufacturing towns selected more parishes be added to minister to the larger population. In 1832 the Church of England was in danger and quite unequipped for ministry to an emerging urban industrial parliamentary law (Parsons 16). There was a shortage of clergy because of the rapid unanticipated growth. The demand for so many clergy to be ordained quickly led to restructuring clerical requirements. This demand could be shown in mere numbers, for example In 1841 there were sound over 14,000 clergy in England and in 1891 there were more than 24,000 (Parsons 25). In the 1840s these clergy were to begin with trained at the two major universities, Oxford and Cambridge. A small parting (14%) came from small theological colleges. Many people could not afford to get out their sons to these universities for the length of time required to become ordained. The combination of the increased demand in number of clergy needed and the time restriction for development created a crisis. The result of this crisis, was the development of the lesser theological colleges for the non-ordained and vocationally trained clergy.. This caused a number of issues to be raised. The result of this trend was the growth of non-university clergy and the inadequacy of its theological instruction (qtd.

Wicca the Complete Craft by D.J. Conway Essay -- Wicca the Complete Cr

Wicca the expel workmanship was indite by D.J. Conway. This book was published by Crossing shrink in 2001. It covers and goes through very thoroughly the many ceremonies, traditions, holidays, beliefs, and much more of the Wiccan holiness. Wicca the Complete Craft was written with the intent to help someone go through the process of joining the Wiccan religion rather than a annex for someone to simply learn about the religion. Do not let me mislead you though, the book provides wonderful insight into the religion. It was just not written with that intent. It provides numerous list and step-by-step instructions precisely very comminuted pictures and diagrams. The content of the book did not require a whole bunch of diagrams or pictures, list and step-by-step instructions were adequate enough. I perish Wicca the Complete Craft 4.7 stars on a 5.0 scale. The only thing that halt me from giving Wicca the Complete Craft a solid 5.0 stars was that the author, D.J. Conway, came of as pretty biased at times. It was very subtle, but he would slip in comments that the book could do without. You can tell he is very demon-ridden and very serious about his religion, Wicca. I think that is fantastic but the comments that he slipped in every so often may stoop people away or agitate them. I brushed them arrive at and I am so glad I did because the Wiccan religion is engrossing and I learned so much from Wicca the Complete Craft.Wicca is an extremely ancient religion. Wiccan beliefs and views are so alien to the more modern religions like Christianity and Judaism. A major aspect of the Wiccan religion is covens. A coven is basi pealy a aggroup of 3 or more Witches (Witches are what people of the Wiccan religion call themselves) that gather together ... ... He touched base on everything you engage to know to become a Witch. He even provided exercises to help you along with your journey to becoming a Witch. For the spell work aspect of the W iccan religion he provided step-by-step instructions on several different spells. He thoroughly goes through all the processes to become a Witch. He do the reading easy to understand and if thither is a word you do not recognize you can most likely find it in the multiple little dictionaries he has provided on words that have to do with the Wiccan religion throughout the book. When the need arises he provides pictures and charts. In the chapter on runes there is a particularly handy chart. There are a divvy up of lists in this book and they are a load of help. Overall Wicca The Complete Craft was an outstanding read.Works CitedWicca the Complete Craft by D.J. Conway

The Beatles and the Paul McCartney Hoax :: Research Papers Paul mcCartney Essays

I select the news today, oh boy, about a lucky man who made the grade...he blew his estimation out in a car. He didnt notice that the lights had changed.(the Beatles, 1967) These lyrics proved to fans that capital of Minnesota McCartney had indeed died in a tragic auto accident in late 1966. Some people were skeptical about the explanation, unless upon investigating the album covers and the lyrics of the Beatles songs, the story seems to make sense. Some of the lyrics fork out to be a twisted in order to make sense in the prank, but after an explanation, the clues are perfectly coherent. For thirty-one years, the Paul Death imposter has intrigued a horde of Beatles fans and fanatics alike. While its difficult to period to an absolute point of origination, there is no evidence whatsoever that the Beatles themselves had anything to do with the story, although many acquire that the Beatles intended it to be a joke the their fans. However, clues, which seem so cleverly arranged, are random coincidences or inaccurate interpretations of existing facts, and all Beatles have denied that they were in any way involved with the deceit. This leads people to believe that maybe Paul did die in that alleged accident. In the late pass 1969, the Northern Illinois University campus newspaper, Northern Star, obtained a list of clues from a student who wrote a research paper on the hoax. (Saki) Russell Gibb, a disc jockey for the Detroit piano tunercommunication station, WNKR, then got a copy of it from a friend of his, and on his radio show, proceeded to read them and even make up his own on the spot. in spite of appearance a few days, Gibb and his coworkers were astonished to see that newspapers and reporters took his on-air joke too poorly and spread the story more widely. (Saki) More clues came about when Fred Labour, arts observer of the University of Michigans student newspaper, The Michigan Daily, was asked to review Abbey Road. He had listened to Gibbs radio show a few days before this, and was inspired to write his own article, base on clues from Gibb and making up his own. The newspaper published the article downstairs the title, McCartney Dead New Evidence Brought to Light. (Saki) Labour and the editor, J. Gray, assumed that everyone knew it was a joke. The lay of the world took it seriously, and soon Labour was swamped with phone calls from media who wanted more training about his findings.